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Japanese Imperial Eras

元号 (Gengō)

Explore all 247 Japanese imperial era names (元号, gengō) — from Taika in 645 CE to the current Reiwa era. Each entry covers the kanji characters, meaning, reigning emperor, and historical period.

247Total Eras
14Periods
645First Era (CE)
Period:
247 eras
大化
Ancient
Taika
大化 (大化)
645–650 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōtoku
"Great Change"
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白雉
Ancient
Hakuchi
白雉 (白雉)
650–654 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōtoku
"White Pheasant"
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朱鳥
Ancient
Shuchō
朱鳥 (朱鳥)
686–686 CE
Emperor: Emperor Tenmu
"Vermilion Bird"
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大宝
Ancient
Taihō
大宝 (大宝)
701–704 CE
Emperor: Emperor Monmu
"Great Treasure"
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慶雲
Ancient
Keiun
慶雲 (慶雲)
704–708 CE
Emperor: Emperor Monmu
"Auspicious Cloud"
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和銅
Ancient
Wadō
和銅 (和銅)
708–715 CE
Emperor: Empress Genmei
"Japanese Copper"
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霊亀
Nara
Reiki
霊亀 (霊亀)
715–717 CE
Emperor: Empress Genmei
"Sacred Tortoise"
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養老
Nara
Yōrō
養老 (養老)
717–724 CE
Emperor: Empress Genshō
"Nurturing the Elderly"
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神亀
Nara
Jinkī
神亀 (神亀)
724–729 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shōmu
"Divine Tortoise"
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天平
Nara
Tenpyō
天平 (天平)
729–749 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shōmu
"Heavenly Peace"
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天平感宝
Nara
Tenpyō-kanpō
天平感宝 (天平感宝)
749–749 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shōmu
"Heavenly Peace, Moved Treasure"
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天平勝宝
Nara
Tenpyō-shōhō
天平勝宝 (天平勝宝)
749–757 CE
Emperor: Empress Kōken
"Heavenly Peace, Victorious Treasure"
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天平宝字
Nara
Tenpyō-hōji
天平宝字 (天平宝字)
757–765 CE
Emperor: Empress Kōken
"Heavenly Peace, Precious Characters"
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天平神護
Nara
Tenpyō-jingo
天平神護 (天平神護)
765–767 CE
Emperor: Empress Shōtoku
"Heavenly Peace, Divine Protection"
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神護景雲
Nara
Jingo-keiun
神護景雲 (神護景雲)
767–770 CE
Emperor: Empress Shōtoku
"Divine Protection, Auspicious Cloud"
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宝亀
Nara
Hōki
宝亀 (宝亀)
770–781 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōnin
"Precious Tortoise"
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天応
Nara
Ten'ō
天応 (天応)
781–782 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōnin
"Heavenly Response"
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延暦
Nara
Enryaku
延暦 (延暦)
782–806 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kanmu
"Extended Calendar"
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大同
Heian
Daidō
大同 (大同)
806–810 CE
Emperor: Emperor Heizei
"Great Harmony"
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弘仁
Heian
Kōnin
弘仁 (弘仁)
810–824 CE
Emperor: Emperor Saga
"Spreading Benevolence"
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天長
Heian
Tenchō
天長 (天長)
824–834 CE
Emperor: Emperor Junna
"Heavenly Longevity"
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承和
Heian
Jōwa
承和 (承和)
834–848 CE
Emperor: Emperor Nimmyō
"Inheriting Harmony"
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嘉祥
Heian
Kashō
嘉祥 (嘉祥)
848–851 CE
Emperor: Emperor Nimmyō
"Auspicious Fortune"
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仁寿
Heian
Ninju
仁寿 (仁寿)
851–854 CE
Emperor: Emperor Montoku
"Benevolent Longevity"
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斉衡
Heian
Saikō
斉衡 (斉衡)
854–857 CE
Emperor: Emperor Montoku
"Balanced Peace"
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天安
Heian
Ten'an
天安 (天安)
857–859 CE
Emperor: Emperor Montoku
"Heavenly Peace"
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貞観
Heian
Jōgan
貞観 (貞観)
859–877 CE
Emperor: Emperor Seiwa
"Upright Observation"
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元慶
Heian
Gangyō
元慶 (元慶)
877–885 CE
Emperor: Emperor Yōzei
"Original Celebration"
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仁和
Heian
Ninna
仁和 (仁和)
885–889 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōkō
"Benevolent Harmony"
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寛平
Heian
Kanpyō
寛平 (寛平)
889–898 CE
Emperor: Emperor Uda
"Broad Peace"
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昌泰
Heian
Shōtai
昌泰 (昌泰)
898–901 CE
Emperor: Emperor Daigo
"Flourishing Prosperity"
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延喜
Heian
Engi
延喜 (延喜)
901–923 CE
Emperor: Emperor Daigo
"Extended Auspiciousness"
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延長
Heian
Enchō
延長 (延長)
923–931 CE
Emperor: Emperor Daigo
"Extended Growth"
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承平
Heian
Jōhei
承平 (承平)
931–938 CE
Emperor: Emperor Suzaku
"Inheriting Peace"
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天慶
Heian
Tengyō
天慶 (天慶)
938–947 CE
Emperor: Emperor Suzaku
"Heavenly Celebration"
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天暦
Heian
Tenryaku
天暦 (天暦)
947–957 CE
Emperor: Emperor Murakami
"Heavenly Calendar"
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天徳
Heian
Tentoku
天徳 (天徳)
957–961 CE
Emperor: Emperor Murakami
"Heavenly Virtue"
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応和
Heian
Ōwa
応和 (応和)
961–964 CE
Emperor: Emperor Murakami
"Responding Harmony"
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康保
Heian
Kōhō
康保 (康保)
964–968 CE
Emperor: Emperor Murakami
"Peaceful Protection"
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安和
Heian
Anna
安和 (安和)
968–970 CE
Emperor: Emperor Reizei
"Peaceful Harmony"
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天禄
Heian
Tenroku
天禄 (天禄)
970–973 CE
Emperor: Emperor En'yū
"Heavenly Prosperity"
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天延
Heian
Ten'en
天延 (天延)
973–976 CE
Emperor: Emperor En'yū
"Heavenly Extension"
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貞元
Heian
Jōgen
貞元 (貞元)
976–978 CE
Emperor: Emperor En'yū
"Upright Origin"
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天元
Heian
Tengen
天元 (天元)
978–983 CE
Emperor: Emperor En'yū
"Heavenly Origin"
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永観
Heian
Eikan
永観 (永観)
983–985 CE
Emperor: Emperor En'yū
"Eternal Observation"
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寛和
Heian
Kanna
寛和 (寛和)
985–987 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kazan
"Broad Harmony"
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永延
Heian
Eien
永延 (永延)
987–989 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ichijō
"Eternal Extension"
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永祚
Heian
Eiso
永祚 (永祚)
989–990 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ichijō
"Eternal Succession"
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正暦
Heian
Shōryaku
正暦 (正暦)
990–995 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ichijō
"Upright Calendar"
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長徳
Heian
Chōtoku
長徳 (長徳)
995–999 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ichijō
"Long Virtue"
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長保
Heian
Chōhō
長保 (長保)
999–1004 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ichijō
"Long Protection"
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寛弘
Heian
Kankō
寛弘 (寛弘)
1004–1012 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ichijō
"Broad Vastness"
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長和
Heian
Chōwa
長和 (長和)
1012–1017 CE
Emperor: Emperor Sanjō
"Long Harmony"
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寛仁
Heian
Kannin
寛仁 (寛仁)
1017–1021 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Ichijō
"Broad Benevolence"
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治安
Heian
Jian
治安 (治安)
1021–1024 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Ichijō
"Governing Peace"
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万寿
Heian
Manju
万寿 (万寿)
1024–1028 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Ichijō
"Ten-thousand Longevity"
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長元
Heian
Chōgen
長元 (長元)
1028–1037 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Ichijō
"Long Origin"
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長暦
Heian
Chōryaku
長暦 (長暦)
1037–1040 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Suzaku
"Long Calendar"
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長久
Heian
Chōkyū
長久 (長久)
1040–1044 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Suzaku
"Long Eternity"
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寛徳
Heian
Kantoku
寛徳 (寛徳)
1044–1046 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Suzaku
"Broad Virtue"
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永承
Heian
Eishō
永承 (永承)
1046–1053 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Reizei
"Eternal Succession"
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天喜
Heian
Tengi
天喜 (天喜)
1053–1058 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Reizei
"Heavenly Joy"
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康平
Heian
Kōhei
康平 (康平)
1058–1065 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Reizei
"Peaceful Balance"
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治暦
Heian
Jiryaku
治暦 (治暦)
1065–1069 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Reizei
"Governing Calendar"
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延久
Heian
Enkyū
延久 (延久)
1069–1074 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Sanjō
"Extended Eternity"
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承保
Heian
Jōhō
承保 (承保)
1074–1077 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shirakawa
"Inheriting Protection"
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承暦
Heian
Jōryaku
承暦 (承暦)
1077–1081 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shirakawa
"Inheriting Calendar"
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永保
Heian
Eihō
永保 (永保)
1081–1084 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shirakawa
"Eternal Protection"
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応徳
Heian
Ōtoku
応徳 (応徳)
1084–1087 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shirakawa
"Responding Virtue"
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寛治
Heian
Kanji
寛治 (寛治)
1087–1094 CE
Emperor: Emperor Horikawa
"Broad Governance"
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嘉保
Heian
Kahō
嘉保 (嘉保)
1094–1096 CE
Emperor: Emperor Horikawa
"Auspicious Protection"
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永長
Heian
Eichō
永長 (永長)
1096–1097 CE
Emperor: Emperor Horikawa
"Eternal Growth"
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承徳
Heian
Jōtoku
承徳 (承徳)
1097–1099 CE
Emperor: Emperor Horikawa
"Inheriting Virtue"
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康和
Heian
Kōwa
康和 (康和)
1099–1104 CE
Emperor: Emperor Horikawa
"Peaceful Harmony"
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長治
Heian
Chōji
長治 (長治)
1104–1106 CE
Emperor: Emperor Horikawa
"Long Governance"
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嘉承
Heian
Kajō
嘉承 (嘉承)
1106–1108 CE
Emperor: Emperor Horikawa
"Auspicious Succession"
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天仁
Heian
Tennin
天仁 (天仁)
1108–1110 CE
Emperor: Emperor Toba
"Heavenly Benevolence"
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天永
Heian
Ten'ei
天永 (天永)
1110–1113 CE
Emperor: Emperor Toba
"Heavenly Eternity"
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永久
Heian
Eikyū
永久 (永久)
1113–1118 CE
Emperor: Emperor Toba
"Eternal Duration"
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元永
Heian
Gen'ei
元永 (元永)
1118–1120 CE
Emperor: Emperor Toba
"Original Eternity"
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保安
Heian
Hōan
保安 (保安)
1120–1124 CE
Emperor: Emperor Toba
"Protecting Peace"
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天治
Heian
Tenji
天治 (天治)
1124–1126 CE
Emperor: Emperor Sutoku
"Heavenly Governance"
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大治
Heian
Daiji
大治 (大治)
1126–1131 CE
Emperor: Emperor Sutoku
"Great Governance"
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天承
Heian
Tenshō
天承 (天承)
1131–1132 CE
Emperor: Emperor Sutoku
"Heavenly Succession"
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長承
Heian
Chōshō
長承 (長承)
1132–1135 CE
Emperor: Emperor Sutoku
"Long Succession"
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保延
Heian
Hōen
保延 (保延)
1135–1141 CE
Emperor: Emperor Sutoku
"Protected Extension"
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永治
Heian
Eiji
永治 (永治)
1141–1142 CE
Emperor: Emperor Sutoku
"Eternal Governance"
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康治
Heian
Kōji
康治 (康治)
1142–1144 CE
Emperor: Emperor Konoe
"Peaceful Governance"
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天養
Heian
Ten'yō
天養 (天養)
1144–1145 CE
Emperor: Emperor Konoe
"Heavenly Nurturing"
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久安
Heian
Kyūan
久安 (久安)
1145–1151 CE
Emperor: Emperor Konoe
"Long Peace"
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仁平
Heian
Ninpei
仁平 (仁平)
1151–1154 CE
Emperor: Emperor Konoe
"Benevolent Peace"
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久寿
Heian
Kyūju
久寿 (久寿)
1154–1156 CE
Emperor: Emperor Konoe
"Long Longevity"
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保元
Heian
Hōgen
保元 (保元)
1156–1159 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Shirakawa
"Protected Origin"
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平治
Heian
Heiji
平治 (平治)
1159–1160 CE
Emperor: Emperor Nijō
"Peaceful Governance"
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永暦
Heian
Eiryaku
永暦 (永暦)
1160–1161 CE
Emperor: Emperor Nijō
"Eternal Calendar"
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応保
Heian
Ōhō
応保 (応保)
1161–1163 CE
Emperor: Emperor Nijō
"Responding Protection"
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長寛
Heian
Chōkan
長寛 (長寛)
1163–1165 CE
Emperor: Emperor Nijō
"Long Breadth"
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永万
Heian
Eiman
永万 (永万)
1165–1166 CE
Emperor: Emperor Nijō
"Eternal Ten-thousand"
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仁安
Heian
Nin'an
仁安 (仁安)
1166–1169 CE
Emperor: Emperor Rokujō
"Benevolent Peace"
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嘉応
Heian
Kaō
嘉応 (嘉応)
1169–1171 CE
Emperor: Emperor Takakura
"Auspicious Response"
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承安
Heian
Jōan
承安 (承安)
1171–1175 CE
Emperor: Emperor Takakura
"Inheriting Peace"
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安元
Heian
Angen
安元 (安元)
1175–1177 CE
Emperor: Emperor Takakura
"Peaceful Origin"
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治承
Heian
Jishō
治承 (治承)
1177–1181 CE
Emperor: Emperor Takakura
"Governing Succession"
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養和
Heian
Yōwa
養和 (養和)
1181–1182 CE
Emperor: Emperor Antoku
"Nurturing Harmony"
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寿永
Heian
Juei
寿永 (寿永)
1182–1184 CE
Emperor: Emperor Antoku
"Longevity Eternity"
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元暦
Heian
Genryaku
元暦 (元暦)
1184–1185 CE
Emperor: Emperor Antoku
"Original Calendar"
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文治
Kamakura
Bunji
文治 (文治)
1185–1190 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Toba
"Civil Governance"
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建久
Kamakura
Kenkyū
建久 (建久)
1190–1199 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Toba
"Establishing Eternity"
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正治
Kamakura
Shōji
正治 (正治)
1199–1201 CE
Emperor: Emperor Tsuchimikado
"Upright Governance"
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建仁
Kamakura
Kennin
建仁 (建仁)
1201–1204 CE
Emperor: Emperor Tsuchimikado
"Establishing Benevolence"
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元久
Kamakura
Genkyū
元久 (元久)
1204–1206 CE
Emperor: Emperor Tsuchimikado
"Original Eternity"
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建永
Kamakura
Ken'ei
建永 (建永)
1206–1207 CE
Emperor: Emperor Tsuchimikado
"Establishing Permanence"
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承元
Kamakura
Jōgen-k
承元 (承元)
1207–1211 CE
Emperor: Emperor Juntoku
"Inheriting Origin"
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建暦
Kamakura
Kenryaku
建暦 (建暦)
1211–1213 CE
Emperor: Emperor Juntoku
"Establishing Calendar"
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建保
Kamakura
Kenpō
建保 (建保)
1213–1219 CE
Emperor: Emperor Juntoku
"Establishing Protection"
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承久
Kamakura
Jōkyū
承久 (承久)
1219–1222 CE
Emperor: Emperor Juntoku
"Inheriting Eternity"
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貞応
Kamakura
Jōō-k
貞応 (貞応)
1222–1224 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Horikawa
"Upright Response"
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元仁
Kamakura
Gennin
元仁 (元仁)
1224–1225 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Horikawa
"Original Benevolence"
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嘉禄
Kamakura
Karoku
嘉禄 (嘉禄)
1225–1227 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Horikawa
"Auspicious Prosperity"
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安貞
Kamakura
Antei
安貞 (安貞)
1227–1229 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Horikawa
"Peaceful Uprightness"
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寛喜
Kamakura
Kanki
寛喜 (寛喜)
1229–1232 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Horikawa
"Broad Joy"
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貞永
Kamakura
Jōei
貞永 (貞永)
1232–1233 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shijō
"Upright Eternity"
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天福
Kamakura
Tempuku
天福 (天福)
1233–1234 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shijō
"Heavenly Fortune"
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文暦
Kamakura
Bunryaku
文暦 (文暦)
1234–1235 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shijō
"Civil Calendar"
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嘉禎
Kamakura
Katei
嘉禎 (嘉禎)
1235–1238 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shijō
"Auspicious Determination"
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暦仁
Kamakura
Ryakunin
暦仁 (暦仁)
1238–1239 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Saga
"Calendar Benevolence"
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延応
Kamakura
En'ō
延応 (延応)
1239–1240 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Saga
"Extended Response"
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仁治
Kamakura
Ninji
仁治 (仁治)
1240–1243 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Saga
"Benevolent Governance"
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寛元
Kamakura
Kangen
寛元 (寛元)
1243–1247 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Fukakusa
"Broad Origin"
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宝治
Kamakura
Hōji
宝治 (宝治)
1247–1249 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Fukakusa
"Precious Governance"
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建長
Kamakura
Kenchō
建長 (建長)
1249–1256 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Fukakusa
"Establishing Growth"
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康元
Kamakura
Kōgen
康元 (康元)
1256–1257 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kameyama
"Peaceful Origin"
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正嘉
Kamakura
Shōka
正嘉 (正嘉)
1257–1259 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kameyama
"Upright Auspiciousness"
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正元
Kamakura
Shōgen
正元 (正元)
1259–1260 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kameyama
"Upright Origin"
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文応
Kamakura
Bun'ō
文応 (文応)
1260–1261 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kameyama
"Civil Response"
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弘長
Kamakura
Kōchō
弘長 (弘長)
1261–1264 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kameyama
"Vast Growth"
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文永
Kamakura
Bun'ei
文永 (文永)
1264–1275 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kameyama
"Civil Eternity"
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建治
Kamakura
Kenji
建治 (建治)
1275–1278 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Uda
"Establishing Governance"
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弘安
Kamakura
Kōan
弘安 (弘安)
1278–1288 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Uda
"Vast Peace"
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正応
Kamakura
Shōō
正応 (正応)
1288–1293 CE
Emperor: Emperor Fushimi
"Upright Response"
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永仁
Kamakura
Einin
永仁 (永仁)
1293–1299 CE
Emperor: Emperor Fushimi
"Eternal Benevolence"
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正安
Kamakura
Shōan
正安 (正安)
1299–1302 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Fushimi
"Upright Peace"
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乾元
Kamakura
Kengen
乾元 (乾元)
1302–1303 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Nijō
"Heaven's Origin"
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嘉元
Kamakura
Kagen
嘉元 (嘉元)
1303–1306 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Nijō
"Auspicious Origin"
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徳治
Kamakura
Tokuji
徳治 (徳治)
1306–1308 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Nijō
"Virtuous Governance"
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延慶
Kamakura
Enkyō-k
延慶 (延慶)
1308–1311 CE
Emperor: Emperor Hanazono
"Extended Celebration"
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応長
Kamakura
Ōchō
応長 (応長)
1311–1312 CE
Emperor: Emperor Hanazono
"Responding Growth"
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正和
Kamakura
Shōwa-k
正和 (正和)
1312–1317 CE
Emperor: Emperor Hanazono
"Upright Harmony"
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文保
Kamakura
Bunpō
文保 (文保)
1317–1319 CE
Emperor: Emperor Hanazono
"Civil Protection"
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元応
Kamakura
Gen'ō
元応 (元応)
1319–1321 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Daigo
"Original Response"
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元亨
Kamakura
Genkō-k
元亨 (元亨)
1321–1324 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Daigo
"Original Prosperity"
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正中
Kamakura
Shōchū
正中 (正中)
1324–1326 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Daigo
"Upright Center"
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嘉暦
Kamakura
Karyaku
嘉暦 (嘉暦)
1326–1329 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Daigo
"Auspicious Calendar"
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元徳
Kamakura
Gentoku
元徳 (元徳)
1329–1331 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Daigo
"Original Virtue"
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元弘
Kenmu
Genkō
元弘 (元弘)
1331–1334 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Daigo
"Original Vastness"
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建武
Kenmu
Kenmu
建武 (建武)
1334–1336 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Daigo
"Establishing Martial Power"
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延元
Nanbokucho
Engen[Southern Court]
延元 (延元)
1336–1340 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Daigo
"Extended Origin"
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興国
Nanbokucho
Kōkoku[Southern Court]
興国 (興国)
1340–1346 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Murakami
"Prospering Nation"
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正平
Nanbokucho
Shōhei[Southern Court]
正平 (正平)
1346–1370 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Murakami
"Upright Peace"
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建徳
Nanbokucho
Kentoku[Southern Court]
建徳 (建徳)
1370–1372 CE
Emperor: Emperor Chōkei
"Establishing Virtue"
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文中
Nanbokucho
Bunchū[Southern Court]
文中 (文中)
1372–1375 CE
Emperor: Emperor Chōkei
"Civil Center"
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天授
Nanbokucho
Tenju[Southern Court]
天授 (天授)
1375–1381 CE
Emperor: Emperor Chōkei
"Heavenly Gift"
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弘和
Nanbokucho
Kōwa-s[Southern Court]
弘和 (弘和)
1381–1384 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kameyama
"Vast Harmony"
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元中
Nanbokucho
Genchū[Southern Court]
元中 (元中)
1384–1392 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kameyama
"Original Center"
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暦応
Nanbokucho
Ryakuō[Northern Court]
暦応 (暦応)
1338–1342 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōmyō
"Calendar Response"
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康永
Nanbokucho
Kōei[Northern Court]
康永 (康永)
1342–1345 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōmyō
"Peaceful Eternity"
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貞和
Nanbokucho
Jōwa-n[Northern Court]
貞和 (貞和)
1345–1350 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōmyō
"Upright Harmony"
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観応
Nanbokucho
Kan'ō[Northern Court]
観応 (観応)
1350–1352 CE
Emperor: Emperor Sukō
"Observing Response"
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文和
Nanbokucho
Bunna[Northern Court]
文和 (文和)
1352–1356 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kōgon
"Civil Harmony"
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延文
Nanbokucho
Enbun[Northern Court]
延文 (延文)
1356–1361 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kōgon
"Extended Literature"
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康安
Nanbokucho
Kōan-n[Northern Court]
康安 (康安)
1361–1362 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kōgon
"Peaceful Stability"
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貞治
Nanbokucho
Jōji[Northern Court]
貞治 (貞治)
1362–1368 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kōgon
"Upright Governance"
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応安
Nanbokucho
Ōan[Northern Court]
応安 (応安)
1368–1375 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-En'yū
"Responding Peace"
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永和
Nanbokucho
Eiwa[Northern Court]
永和 (永和)
1375–1379 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-En'yū
"Eternal Harmony"
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康暦
Nanbokucho
Kōryaku[Northern Court]
康暦 (康暦)
1379–1381 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-En'yū
"Peaceful Calendar"
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永徳
Nanbokucho
Eitoku[Northern Court]
永徳 (永徳)
1381–1384 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-En'yū
"Eternal Virtue"
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至徳
Nanbokucho
Shitoku[Northern Court]
至徳 (至徳)
1384–1387 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Komatsu
"Ultimate Virtue"
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嘉慶
Nanbokucho
Kakei[Northern Court]
嘉慶 (嘉慶)
1387–1389 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Komatsu
"Auspicious Celebration"
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康応
Nanbokucho
Kōō[Northern Court]
康応 (康応)
1389–1390 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Komatsu
"Peaceful Response"
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明徳
Nanbokucho
Meitoku[Northern Court]
明徳 (明徳)
1390–1394 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Komatsu
"Bright Virtue"
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応永
Muromachi
Ōei
応永 (応永)
1394–1428 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Komatsu
"Responding Eternity"
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正長
Muromachi
Shōchō
正長 (正長)
1428–1429 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Hanazono
"Upright Growth"
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永享
Muromachi
Eikyō
永享 (永享)
1429–1441 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Hanazono
"Eternal Enjoyment"
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嘉吉
Muromachi
Kakitsu
嘉吉 (嘉吉)
1441–1444 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Hanazono
"Auspicious Fortune"
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文安
Muromachi
Bunan
文安 (文安)
1444–1449 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Hanazono
"Civil Peace"
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宝徳
Muromachi
Hōtoku
宝徳 (宝徳)
1449–1452 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Hanazono
"Precious Virtue"
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享徳
Muromachi
Kyōtoku
享徳 (享徳)
1452–1455 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Hanazono
"Enjoying Virtue"
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康正
Muromachi
Kōshō
康正 (康正)
1455–1457 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Hanazono
"Peaceful Uprightness"
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長禄
Muromachi
Chōroku
長禄 (長禄)
1457–1460 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Hanazono
"Long Prosperity"
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寛正
Muromachi
Kanshō
寛正 (寛正)
1460–1466 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Hanazono
"Broad Uprightness"
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文正
Muromachi
Bunshō
文正 (文正)
1466–1467 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
"Civil Uprightness"
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応仁
Muromachi
Ōnin
応仁 (応仁)
1467–1469 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
"Responding Benevolence"
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文明
Muromachi
Bummei
文明 (文明)
1469–1487 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
"Civil Enlightenment"
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長享
Muromachi
Chōkyō
長享 (長享)
1487–1489 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
"Long Enjoyment"
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延徳
Muromachi
Entoku
延徳 (延徳)
1489–1492 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado
"Extended Virtue"
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明応
Muromachi
Meiō
明応 (明応)
1492–1501 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kashiwabara
"Bright Response"
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文亀
Muromachi
Bunki
文亀 (文亀)
1501–1504 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kashiwabara
"Civil Tortoise"
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永正
Muromachi
Eishō-m
永正 (永正)
1504–1521 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kashiwabara
"Eternal Uprightness"
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大永
Muromachi
Daiei
大永 (大永)
1521–1528 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kashiwabara
"Great Eternity"
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享禄
Muromachi
Kyōroku
享禄 (享禄)
1528–1532 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Nara
"Enjoying Prosperity"
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天文
Muromachi
Tenbun
天文 (天文)
1532–1555 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Nara
"Heavenly Writings"
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弘治
Muromachi
Kōji-m
弘治 (弘治)
1555–1558 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Nara
"Vast Governance"
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永禄
Muromachi
Eiroku
永禄 (永禄)
1558–1570 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ōgimachi
"Eternal Prosperity"
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元亀
Muromachi
Genki
元亀 (元亀)
1570–1573 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ōgimachi
"Original Tortoise"
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天正
Azuchi-Momoyama
Tenshō-a
天正 (天正)
1573–1592 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ōgimachi
"Heavenly Uprightness"
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文禄
Azuchi-Momoyama
Bunroku
文禄 (文禄)
1592–1596 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Yōzei
"Civil Prosperity"
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慶長
Azuchi-Momoyama
Keichō
慶長 (慶長)
1596–1615 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Yōzei
"Celebratory Growth"
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元和
Edo
Genna
元和 (元和)
1615–1624 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Mizunoo
"Original Harmony"
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寛永
Edo
Kan'ei
寛永 (寛永)
1624–1644 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Mizunoo
"Broad Eternity"
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正保
Edo
Shōhō
正保 (正保)
1644–1648 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kōmyō
"Upright Protection"
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慶安
Edo
Keian
慶安 (慶安)
1648–1652 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kōmyō
"Celebratory Peace"
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承応
Edo
Jōō
承応 (承応)
1652–1655 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Kōmyō
"Inheriting Response"
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明暦
Edo
Meireki
明暦 (明暦)
1655–1658 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Sai
"Bright Calendar"
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万治
Edo
Manji
万治 (万治)
1658–1661 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Sai
"Ten-thousand Governance"
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寛文
Edo
Kanbun
寛文 (寛文)
1661–1673 CE
Emperor: Emperor Reigen
"Broad Literature"
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延宝
Edo
Enpō
延宝 (延宝)
1673–1681 CE
Emperor: Emperor Reigen
"Extended Treasure"
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天和
Edo
Tenna
天和 (天和)
1681–1684 CE
Emperor: Emperor Reigen
"Heavenly Harmony"
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貞享
Edo
Jōkyō
貞享 (貞享)
1684–1688 CE
Emperor: Emperor Higashiyama
"Upright Enjoyment"
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元禄
Edo
Genroku
元禄 (元禄)
1688–1704 CE
Emperor: Emperor Higashiyama
"Original Prosperity"
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宝永
Edo
Hōei
宝永 (宝永)
1704–1711 CE
Emperor: Emperor Higashiyama
"Precious Eternity"
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正徳
Edo
Shōtoku
正徳 (正徳)
1711–1716 CE
Emperor: Emperor Nakamikado
"Upright Virtue"
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享保
Edo
Kyōhō
享保 (享保)
1716–1736 CE
Emperor: Emperor Nakamikado
"Enjoying Protection"
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元文
Edo
Genbun
元文 (元文)
1736–1741 CE
Emperor: Emperor Sakuramachi
"Original Literature"
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寛保
Edo
Kanpō
寛保 (寛保)
1741–1744 CE
Emperor: Emperor Sakuramachi
"Broad Protection"
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延享
Edo
Enkyō-e
延享 (延享)
1744–1748 CE
Emperor: Emperor Momozono
"Extended Enjoyment"
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寛延
Edo
Kan'en
寛延 (寛延)
1748–1751 CE
Emperor: Emperor Momozono
"Broad Extension"
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宝暦
Edo
Hōreki
宝暦 (宝暦)
1751–1764 CE
Emperor: Emperor Momozono
"Precious Calendar"
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明和
Edo
Meiwa
明和 (明和)
1764–1772 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Sakuramachi
"Bright Harmony"
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安永
Edo
An'ei
安永 (安永)
1772–1781 CE
Emperor: Emperor Go-Momozono
"Peaceful Eternity"
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天明
Edo
Tenmei
天明 (天明)
1781–1789 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōkaku
"Heavenly Brightness"
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寛政
Edo
Kansei
寛政 (寛政)
1789–1801 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōkaku
"Broad Governance"
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享和
Edo
Kyōwa
享和 (享和)
1801–1804 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōkaku
"Enjoying Harmony"
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文化
Edo
Bunka
文化 (文化)
1804–1818 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōkaku
"Civil Culture"
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文政
Edo
Bunsei
文政 (文政)
1818–1830 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ninkō
"Civil Governance"
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天保
Edo
Tenpō
天保 (天保)
1830–1844 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ninkō
"Heavenly Protection"
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弘化
Edo
Kōka
弘化 (弘化)
1844–1848 CE
Emperor: Emperor Ninkō
"Vast Transformation"
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嘉永
Edo
Kaei
嘉永 (嘉永)
1848–1854 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōmei
"Auspicious Eternity"
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安政
Edo
Ansei
安政 (安政)
1854–1860 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōmei
"Peaceful Governance"
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万延
Edo
Man'ei
万延 (万延)
1860–1861 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōmei
"Ten-thousand Extension"
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文久
Edo
Bunkyū
文久 (文久)
1861–1864 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōmei
"Civil Eternity"
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元治
Edo
Genji
元治 (元治)
1864–1865 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōmei
"Original Governance"
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慶応
Edo
Keiō
慶応 (慶応)
1865–1868 CE
Emperor: Emperor Kōmei
"Celebratory Response"
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明治
Meiji
Meiji
明治 (明治)
1868–1912 CE
Emperor: Emperor Meiji
"Enlightened Rule"
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大正
Taishō
Taishō
大正 (大正)
1912–1926 CE
Emperor: Emperor Taishō
"Great Righteousness"
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昭和
Shōwa
Shōwa
昭和 (昭和)
1926–1989 CE
Emperor: Emperor Shōwa
"Radiant Harmony"
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平成
Heisei
Heisei
平成 (平成)
1989–2019 CE
Emperor: Emperor Akihito
"Achieving Peace"
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令和
Reiwa
Reiwa
令和 (令和)
2019 CE – present
Emperor: Emperor Naruhito
"Beautiful Harmony"
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